Biomedical Instrumentation Lab Lab Experiments

Generation and analysis of ECG wave using simulator

Nov 24 2023

Aim

To simulate ECG signal and analyze the signal parameters.

Apparatus Required:

ECG simulator
ECG Amplifier
Digital storage oscilloscope
connecting cables

Procedure:

The ECG simulator is provided with 8 pattern selection
Connect the unit to mains.
Connect the simulator with ECG Amplifier
Connect the output of ECG amplifier to DSO.
Switch ON the Units.
Set the DSO setting to visualize the waveforms on DSO.
Note down the reading
Change the patterns to study different ECG waveforms

Theory:

The electrocardiogram is an instrument which records to electrical activity of heart. Electrical signals from the heart, characteristically placed the normal mechanical functions and monitoring of these signal has great clinical significance. Electrographs are used in authorization laboratories, coronary care units and for routine diagnostic applications in cardiology. The diagnostically useful frequency range is usually accepted as 0.05-150hz.

Einthoven Triangle:It starts the vector sum of the projection of the frontal phase cardiac to vector to the 3 axis of the Einthoven triangle will be zero.

Lead 1: Left arm and right arm

Lead 2: Left leg and right leg

Lead3: Left and right arm

Bipolar Leads:ECG is recorded by using two electrodes such that the final trace corresponds to the difference of electrical potentials existing between them, they are called standard leads and have been universally accepted. They are also called as einthoven lead.

Unipolar Lead:If the electrode is placed close to the heart , higher potentials can be obtained, that normally available at limbs. ECG is recorded between a single exploratory electrode and the central terminal, which has a potential corresponding to the centre of the body. The reference electrode is obtained by combination of several electrodes tied together at one point, it is of 2 types 1 Limb lead 2 Pericordial leads

Lead 1